Visual Examples

http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://img.listal.com/image/1184407/500full.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.listal.com/list/racist-disney&usg=__cUGv_YMgazM-AZ_fUSb9BB14058=&h=200&w=400&sz=42&hl=en&start=0&sig2=cSxbj61HjNAmo6xZgNUb1g&zoom=1&tbnid=qL4Pwc65NPZcMM:&tbnh=94&tbnw=188&ei=_6pgTeGgBoX7lweS3qT6Cw&prev=/images%3Fq%3DRacist%2Bimages%2Bin%2Bdisney%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26biw%3D1123%26bih%3D437%26tbs%3Disch:1&um=1&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=674&vpy=108&dur=1043&hovh=159&hovw=318&tx=148&ty=99&oei=_6pgTeGgBoX7lweS3qT6Cw&page=1&ndsp=10&ved=1t:429,r:3,s:0

http://www.pinpics.com/cgi-bin/group.cgi?group=2114
http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.kids-comforter-set.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/Disney_Jasmine_princess.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.kids-comforter-set.com/tag/kids-comforter-set/&usg=__ydI3EtW8R-SJ1GloBvt5XiDgxGo=&h=650&w=324&sz=106&hl=en&start=0&sig2=D-N0W2sFWD6h5rhmxiWR9A&zoom=1&tbnid=HGrO5lepqWMtRM:&tbnh=115&tbnw=57&ei=xKtgTdmgLoLGlQeH6bzjCw&prev=/images%3Fq%3DJasmine%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26biw%3D1123%26bih%3D437%26tbs%3Disch:1&um=1&itbs=1&iact=rc&dur=163&oei=xKtgTdmgLoLGlQeH6bzjCw&page=1&ndsp=14&ved=1t:429,r:2,s:0&tx=30&ty=58

Idea Number Two

         My next idea would be the comparison of American photojournalism to other countries photojournalism. I would research the difference techniques and the varying censorship that distinguishes America’s techniques and expression versus other countries. What interests me about this topic is that different cultures hold different standards for what they allow shown in their media. My research had indicated that different nations have strict guidelines for what they allow in their media. My fear with this topic is that there will not be enough reliable sources for me to reference.

Idea Number One

I am considering doing is an investigation into the discovery of subliminal messages expressed by Disney films. More specifically, I believe my focus will be on the sexist and racist messages expressed by the films imaging. I grew up with these films, and I believe it would be interesting to learn more about their creations and how society perceives these movies. My research has indicated that things such as clothing, mannerisms, and body shape can express a deeper message than what we are currently aware that we perceive. Movies can express an underlying message that reinforces stereotypical views about cultures and ethnicities. I will rely on dependable and scholarly articles and books for my research.  This is an open paper because it depends on how each individual evaluates the findings. It will depend on how you analyze my research to decide if you believe that Disney has included subliminal messages into their children oriented animation films. I will attempt in limiting my research to only scholarly articles and published novels to adhere to your guidelines for sources.

Annotated Bibliography: Number Three

Brunette, Libby, Mallory, Claudette, and Wood, Shannon. "Stereotypes and Racism in Children's Movies." 1-4. Web. 12 Feb. 2011. <http://www.nhaeyc.org/newsletters/articles/Racism_in_Childrens_Movies.pdf>.

This article begins by stating that young children are very impressionable at an early age. They develop their own identities early and label others based on what they learn from older generations and media influences. The article continues on to define racism and stereotypes using the Merriam Webster Collegiate Dictionary. The article claims that Disney Corporation has major influence over children’s ideologies. The article states that Disney has had many instances of racism that has been recognized by society in their films. Examples come from movies such as: The Jungle Book, Oliver and Company, Lady and the Tramp, Aladdin, The Lion King, Tarzan, and Pocahontas. These films include stereotypes of African Americans, Native Americans, and Asians. Parents, guardians, and teachers have a responsibility to show an impressionable youth positive images of other nationalities. According to this article, children need guidance to understand and accept different cultures and ethnicities.

Annotated Bibliography: Number Two

Yerby, Amanda, Baron, Samantha, and Lee Youjinn."Gender Roles in Disney Animation." Rpt. in American.edu. Vol. 1. 1-11. Web. 8 Feb. 2011. <http://www.american.edu/soc/film/upload/Gender-Roles-in-Disney.pdf>.

This article defines gender roles as actions or behaviors that are usually attributed to either male or females. It is the stereotyping of a person’s identity based on preconceived notions of how a gender should behave. Animation is one major way stereotypes have been spread throughout our societies. Animations creators pigeonhole genders into certain standards that can be portrayed visually through things like body shapes. Movies create images that children take to be the “norm.” Disney films have especially pushed the stereotypical “princess” image as a prominent gender role that women are intended to fulfill. The female role of a princess heroine has become more popular as the years have passed. Men are illustrated with muscles and agility to continue portraying stereotypical images of the male gender. Even characteristics such as things like age effect how people perceive an animated character. The article continues with a quick analysis of four very prominent Disney films that have differing lead female characters.  It concludes with saying that the portrayal of women characters has changed over time.

Annotated Bibliography: Number One

Fishman, Jessica and Marvin, Carolyn. “Portrayals of Violence and Group Difference in Newspaper Photographs: Nationalism and Media.” Journal of Communication, 2003.  53: 32–44.

            Fishman and Marvin make the comparison of United States photojournalism versus other countries photojournalism and how people and political factors relating to violence are displayed differently in media. Two hypotheses are proposed as to how the entities differ from each other. One is that the U.S. identity is related to visual displays of concealed violence. The second hypothesis is that other countries relate to obvious violence with their media. The article defines violence in media based on physical and oral coercion. The authors continue to expand the definition of coercive typology by categorizing it into three different types: explicit, latent, and dramatic. Studies conducted showed that other countries tend to be portrayed as being more explicitly violent in photojournalism than actual American entities in U.S. journalism. There is a mass debate over violence in the media displaying different actions that has been widely disputed and will continue to be a controversial issue pertaining to photojournalism.